C++: Operator Overloading (slightly more complex)
How to Overload the operators: ++(int), (int)++, --(int), (int)--
The key is to know the action of these operators on the integers they are supplied for:
For coding examples i will again be using Person as my example class. Perhaps ++ or -- increments or decrements the number of friends a particular person has.
ex:
int i = 0;
++i = 1;
i++ = 1; //result is old value
i = 2; //next time i is used, reveals the new value
--i = 1;
i-- = 1; result is still old value
i = 0; //next time i is used, reveals the new value
No parameters are supplied in either case the prefix versions are straight forward:
Prefix ++ | ++(int):
//++Operator Overloader - prefix
Person& operator++(){
this->friends = this->friends+1; //assuming Person class has a field friends.
return *this; return in the case of an assignment as well
}
Prefix -- | --(int):
//--Operator Overloader - prefix
Person& operator--(){
this->friends = this->friends-1; //assuming Person class has a field friends.
return *this; return in the case of an assignment as well
}
*You may also wish to check for a result of this->friends == 0 in this method.
The postfix version may not appear so obvious:
Postfix ++ | (int)++:
//++Operator Overloader - postfix
Person& operator++(int){ //the int here specifies as postfix
//the int is NOT a parameter
Person *p = new Person(*this); //requires a copy constructor
//p is now a copy of the given Person
this->friends = this->friends+1; //update this Person
return *p; return copy before modification
}
*We must return the copy for use and the postfix requires the object be changed, but the original returned.
Postfix -- | (int)--:
//--Operator Overloader - postfix
Person& operator--(int){ //the int here specifies as postfix
//the int is NOT a parameter
Person *p = new Person(*this); //requires a copy constructor
//p is now a copy of the given Person
this->friends = this->friends-1; //update this Person
return *p; return copy before modification
}
*We must return the copy for use and the postfix requires the object be changed, but the original returned.
Slightly more thinking, but relatively straight forward, enjoy!
Question/Comments: william_a_wilson@hotmail.com
-William. (marvin_gohan)
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